Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 26, 2025
Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
Published on: March 27, 2019
Acid-activated Sodium Bentonite and Kaolin Clay: Comparative Study by Physicochemical Properties
Awinash Kumar1, Pradip Lingfa1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University, Govt. of India), Nirjuli, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh 791109, India.
Aims And Objective:
This paper aims to reveal the useful industrial aspects of kandite and montmorillonite group of clays using as a catalyst after acid activation. A comparative study of modified characteristics of clay samples has been explored based on industrial requirements.
Materials And Methods:
In this study sodium bentonite and kaolin clay have been focused. The modified characteristics of clay samples are investigated by characterization methods of FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDAX, TGA and DSC before and after treated with 4M of Hydrochloric acid. Clay samples were refluxed at 105ºC and calcined at 500ºC consecutively for 3 hours at room temperature.
Results:
Maximum crystalline size 104.02 nm has been evaluated for acid-activated sodium bentonite. Alkyl halides compounds have a strong band position for all samples and have more extent on acid activation. The small numbers of manganese particles have been noticed in the acidactivated samples. 14% of decrement and 61.02% of increment of aluminates have been found respectively for acid-activated kaolin and acid-activated sodium bentonite.
Conclusion:
The novelty of this study is about sodium bentonite characterization and the results show the prominent behaviour with structural, elemental, morphological, and thermal analysis. Acid-activated kaolin sample has less effect in comparison with acid-activated sodium bentonite. As the removal of the hydroxyl group of compounds has been reported through FT-IR and XRD analysis also some other industries like ceramic and paper industries may have accepted these types of modified minerals for special production with a simple process.
More Related Videos
11:14Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Published on: February 21, 2017
05:50Facile Preparation of Ultrafine Aluminum Hydroxide Particles with or without Mesoporous MCM-41 in Ambient Environments
Published on: May 11, 2017
Related Concept Videos
02:35Acid and Bases: Ka, pKa, and Relative Strengths
01:17Mortar Properties
01:19Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria
In this solution, the primary...
03:46Qualitative Analysis
For instance, group IV...
04:01Factors Affecting Solubility
02:19Physical Properties Affecting Solubility
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...