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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Identification of OTX1 and OTX2 As Two Possible Molecular Markers for Sinonasal Carcinomas and Olfactory Neuroblastomas
Published on: February 28, 2019
Sinonasal cancer: an overview of the emerging subtypes
J S Virk1, J Chan2, L Dimitrov1
1Department of ENT, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Background:
Advances in immunohistochemistry have spearheaded major developments in our understanding and classification of sinonasal tumours. In the last decade, several new distinct histopathological entities of sinonasal cancer have been characterised.
Objectives:
This review aims to provide a clinical update of the major emerging subtypes for the ENT surgeon and an overview of the management strategies available for this heterogeneous group of pathologies.
Conclusion:
Although rare, knowledge of sinonasal neoplasm subtypes has implications for prognosis, treatment strategies and the development of novel therapeutic targets.
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