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The association between detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis DNA in feces and histopathological

Yukiko Taniguchi1, Shin-Ichi Sakakibara1,2, Masatoshi Fujihara3

  • 1Hokkaido Tokachi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 59-6 Kisen Kawanishicho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 089-1182, Japan.

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
|March 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Fecal MAP DNA levels correlate with disease progression, aiding in JD surveillance and diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ruminant Health

Background:

  • Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease (JD), a chronic intestinal infection in ruminants.
  • Johne's disease leads to severe diarrhea and significant economic losses in cattle farming.
  • Japan employs national surveillance programs, utilizing real-time quantitative PCR for JD diagnosis since 2013.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between fecal MAP DNA quantity and the severity of ileocecal lesions in JD.
  • To determine if fecal MAP DNA shedding levels can predict the histopathological classification of JD.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of fecal MAP DNA using real-time PCR.
  • Histopathological examination of ileocecal tissues to classify lesion severity.
  • Application of multinomial logistic regression models to correlate DNA levels with lesion classification.

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was observed between the amount of fecal MAP DNA and the histopathological findings of JD.
  • Multinomial logistic regression models successfully predicted the likelihood of specific lesion classifications based on fecal MAP DNA concentrations.
  • Higher fecal MAP DNA levels were associated with more advanced stages of ileocecal pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Fecal MAP DNA shedding levels serve as a valuable indicator for assessing the progression of Johne's disease.
  • This finding can enhance the effectiveness of JD surveillance and diagnostic strategies in cattle populations.
  • Integrating molecular and histopathological data provides a comprehensive approach to understanding JD pathogenesis.
Keywords:
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosispathological classificationquantitative real-time PCR

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