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Silver-Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanocapsules for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Nelly Hérault1, Julia Wagner2,3,4, Sarah-Luise Abram1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|March 13, 2020
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Silver-titanium dioxide nanocapsules effectively kill bacteria, including resistant strains, and are safe for immune cells. This makes them a promising antimicrobial coating for artificial joint implants.

Keywords:
antimicrobial effectimmune cell uptakemultidrug-resistant S. aureussilver nanoparticlestitanium dioxide nanocapsules

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • Prosthetic joint infections are a significant complication of joint arthroplasty, leading to substantial patient morbidity.
  • Antimicrobial coatings for implants offer a potential strategy to prevent these devastating infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate silver-containing titanium dioxide nanocapsules as an antimicrobial coating for artificial implants.
  • To assess the antibacterial efficacy and immunocompatibility of these nanocapsules.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of silver-containing titanium dioxide nanocapsules (amorphous or anatase).
  • Testing antimicrobial activity against *E. coli*, *S. aureus*, and a multidrug-resistant *S. aureus* strain.
  • Investigating nanocapsule uptake into macrophages using electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy.
  • Assessing immune cell activation (viability, proinflammatory response) via flow cytometry and ELISA.

Main Results:

  • Silver-titanium dioxide nanocapsules demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains.
  • Nanocapsules were successfully internalized by macrophages.
  • Importantly, nanocapsules did not compromise cell viability or induce proinflammatory responses at tested concentrations (up to 20 μg/mL).

Conclusions:

  • Silver-containing titanium dioxide nanocapsules exhibit significant bactericidal properties.
  • These nanocapsules show favorable biocompatibility with immune cells, meeting key criteria for biomedical applications.
  • The developed nanocapsules represent a promising candidate material for antimicrobial coatings on artificial implants to prevent infections.