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Chaperone-Based Therapeutic Target Innovation: Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

W Riski Widya Mulyani1, Made Indira Dianti Sanjiwani1, Sandra1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy
|March 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) plays a key role in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Strategies increasing HSP70 show promise in improving insulin sensitivity and glycemic control for T2DM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a global health challenge with current treatments focusing on symptom management.
  • Existing therapies do not restore insulin sensitivity in resistant tissues, highlighting a need for novel approaches.
  • Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), a molecular chaperone, has emerged as a significant factor in insulin resistance and T2DM pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the molecular pathways leading to insulin resistance and T2DM.
  • To explore the potential of HSP70 modulation as a therapeutic strategy for improving insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies examining the molecular functions of HSP70 in cellular processes relevant to insulin resistance.
  • Analysis of research on the impact of decreased HSP70 levels on inflammation, mitochondrial function, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing HSP70 expression or activity.

Main Results:

  • Decreased HSP70 concentrations are linked to inflammation via JNK activation, impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and ER stress.
  • Increased HSP70 expression, particularly in brain tissue, enhances insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.
  • Therapeutic interventions like physical exercise, hot tub therapy (HTT), and alfalfa-derived HSP70 (aHSP70) administration show potential in managing insulin resistance.

Conclusions:

  • HSP70 plays a critical role in preventing molecular pathways that drive insulin resistance and T2DM.
  • Targeting HSP70 offers a promising therapeutic avenue for T2DM management and prevention.
  • Modulating HSP70 levels through various strategies can restore insulin sensitivity and improve metabolic health.
Keywords:
HSP70insulin resistancetype 2 diabetes mellitus

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