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Related Concept Videos

Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

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Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
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Biomimetic Replication of Root Surface Microstructure using Alteration of Soft Lithography
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Crack Formation Following Root-End Preparation in Roots with the Butterfly Effect.

Assil A Russell1, Nicholas P Chandler2, Lara T Friedlander2

  • 1Department of Endodontics, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

European Endodontic Journal
|March 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Teeth with the butterfly effect showed more apical root cracks after surgery. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) obturation may reduce crack formation compared to gutta-percha.

Keywords:
Apical cracksroot-end resectionvertical root fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • Apical root cracks can compromise endodontic treatment success.
  • The 'butterfly effect' describes a specific root morphology that may predispose to cracking.
  • Ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation is a common surgical technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate apical cracks in roots exhibiting the butterfly effect after apical resection and ultrasonic preparation.
  • To evaluate the influence of obturation materials on crack formation.

Main Methods:

  • Forty single-rooted teeth were analyzed, categorized by the presence or absence of the butterfly effect.
  • Root canals were prepared and obturated with either gutta-percha/AH Plus or ProRoot MTA.
  • Apical resection and ultrasonic cavity preparation were performed, followed by crack analysis using scanning electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • A significantly higher incidence of cracks (80%) was observed in teeth with the butterfly effect (P=0.001).
  • Most cracks (73%) were oriented buccolingually.
  • Teeth obturated with MTA exhibited fewer cracks than those obturated with gutta-percha and sealer.

Conclusions:

  • The butterfly effect is associated with a significantly higher prevalence of buccolingual apical root cracks post-surgery.
  • These findings may elucidate the etiology of some vertical root fractures.
  • Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) may offer a protective effect against crack development.