Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Beyond the gut: the multisite microbiota and its emerging role in brain health.

Gut microbes·2026

Same author

Spinal cord reserve is associated with multi-dimensional clinical resilience in multiple sclerosis.

Journal of neurology·2026

Same author

Deconfounded, quantitative microbiome profiling identifies robust multiple sclerosis markers and clinical covariate associations.

Gut microbes·2026

Same author

Large-scale analysis of temporal gene expression variation in peripheral blood.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

An exploratory multi-biomarker panel including fecal calprotectin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Fibroblast-Growth Factor-21 and irisin shows poor diagnostic accuracy for detecting probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older persons.

Aging clinical and experimental research·2026

Same author

The role of the oxytocinergic system in oral microbiome composition in children with autism: evidence from a randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin.

Translational psychiatry·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

Gut microbiome variation is associated to Multiple Sclerosis phenotypic subtypes.

Tatjana Reynders^1,2,3, Lindsay Devolder^3,4,5, Mireia Valles-Colomer^4,5

¹Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Edegem, Belgium.

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

|March 13, 2020

Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) gut microbiota varies by disease subtype and treatment. Lower microbial richness and altered enterotypes are linked to specific MS forms, suggesting microbiome biomarkers for disease activity.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Dynamics in Lupus-Prone Mice Using a Simple, Cost-Effective DNA Isolation Method

Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Dynamics in Lupus-Prone Mice Using a Simple, Cost-Effective DNA Isolation Method

Published on: May 2, 2022

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Dynamics in Lupus-Prone Mice Using a Simple, Cost-Effective DNA Isolation Method

Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Dynamics in Lupus-Prone Mice Using a Simple, Cost-Effective DNA Isolation Method

Published on: May 2, 2022

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Microbiome Research
Gastroenterology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex central nervous system inflammatory disease.
Gut microbiota alterations are observed in MS patients, but findings are inconsistent.
Understanding these variations is crucial for identifying disease biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate gut microbiota diversity, enterotypes, and specific taxa in MS patients compared to healthy controls (HC).
To analyze variations within MS subgroups based on phenotype, disease course, and treatment.
To explore the relationship between microbial composition and clinical symptoms/disease severity.

Main Methods:

16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of stool samples from 98 MS patients and 120 HC.
Analysis of alpha and beta diversity, enterotype profiling, and relative abundance of microbial taxa.
Controlled for potential confounders and stratified MS subgroups by clinical characteristics.

Main Results:

Microbial richness was lower in interferon-treated and untreated relapsing-remitting MS during relapse compared to benign and primary progressive MS.
Enterotypes, specifically Bacteroides 2, were more prevalent in interferon-treated relapsing-remitting MS.
Lower abundance of Butyricicoccus was observed in primary progressive MS and interferon-treated relapsing-remitting MS, correlating inversely with symptoms and disease severity.

Conclusions:

Phenotypic subcategorization is essential for consistent MS-microbiome research.
Gut microbiota composition differs significantly across MS subtypes.
Microbiome-based biomarkers show potential for assessing MS disease activity and severity.