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Brain-computer interfaces in neurologic rehabilitation practice.

Floriana Pichiorri1, Donatella Mattia1

  • 1Neuroelectrical Imaging and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|March 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show promise for neurorehabilitation by retraining the brain to improve function after stroke and spinal cord injury. Further research is needed to fully integrate BCI technology into clinical practice for motor and cognitive recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are increasingly explored for neurorehabilitation, aiming to enhance functional recovery.
  • The efficacy of BCIs in promoting neuroplasticity for motor recovery, particularly after stroke, is a key area of research.
  • BCIs also hold potential for cognitive rehabilitation, building on neurofeedback principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status, determinants, and future directions of BCI clinical use in neurorehabilitation.
  • To highlight advancements in noninvasive BCIs for motor recovery and their application in stroke and spinal cord injury.
  • To examine the role of BCI technology in cognitive function recovery and rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
Brain-computer interfaceCognitive rehabilitationElectroencephalographyMotor imageryMotor rehabilitationNeurofeedbackNeuroplasticitySpinal cord injuryStrokeTraumatic brain injury

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  • Review of recent advancements in noninvasive BCIs for neurorehabilitation.
  • Analysis of BCI applications in stroke and spinal cord injury for motor function restoration.
  • Exploration of BCI paradigms for cognitive rehabilitation and neurofeedback.

    • Main Results:

    • Noninvasive BCIs show promise in promoting functional motor recovery by inducing neuroplasticity, especially in stroke patients.
    • BCI applications extend beyond neuroprosthetics to potentially restore motor function in spinal cord injury.
    • Emerging BCI paradigms demonstrate potential for cognitive function recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite growing evidence for BCI efficacy in motor rehabilitation, widespread clinical adoption is still developing.
    • The translation pipeline from BCI research to clinical practice in neurorehabilitation requires further development.
    • BCIs represent a significant technological advancement with a promising future in neurorehabilitation for both motor and cognitive functions.