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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
Published on: July 18, 2025
Mechanical ventilation weaning issues can be counted on the fingers of just one hand: part 2
Luigi Vetrugno1, Alessandro Brussa2, Giovanni Maria Guadagnin3
1Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Clinic, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Via Colugna 50, 33100, Udine, Italy. luigi.vetrugno@uniud.it.
Abstract:
Assessing heart and diaphragm function constitutes only one of the steps to consider along the weaning path. In this second part of the review, we will deal with the more systematic evaluation of the pulmonary parenchyma-often implicated in the genesis of respiratory failure. We will also consider the other possible causes of weaning failure that lie beyond the cardio-pulmonary-diaphragmatic system. Finally, we will take a moment to consider the remaining unsolved problems arising from mechanical ventilation and describe the so-called protective approach to parenchyma and diaphragm ventilation.
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