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HIV in Canada-Surveillance Report, 2018.

N Haddad1, A Robert1, A Weeks1

  • 1Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Canada Communicable Disease Report = Releve Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada
|March 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses increased in Canada in 2018, with the highest rates among males and the 30-39 age group. Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) remained the largest exposure category.

Keywords:
CanadaHIVbisexual and other men who have sex with mengayheterosexual contactpeople who inject drugsperinatal HIVsurveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Infectious Disease Trends

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a significant global health concern.
  • Canada has monitored HIV diagnoses since 1985 through the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an epidemiological overview of reported HIV diagnoses in Canada from 1985 to 2018.
  • To analyze HIV diagnosis trends by geography, age, sex, and exposure category for 2018.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the national HIV/AIDS Surveillance System, a passive, case-based data collection system.
  • Incorporated data from Canadian provinces, territories, and specific programs (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program).
  • Conducted descriptive epidemiological analyses on national and population-specific data.

Main Results:

  • In 2018, Canada reported 2,561 HIV diagnoses, an 8.2% increase from 2017, with a national rate of 6.9 per 100,000 population.
  • Saskatchewan had the highest provincial rate (14.9/100,000); the 30-39 age group had the highest rate (15.4/100,000).
  • Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) represented 41.4% of adult cases, though this proportion decreased over time. Females showed an increased rate and number of cases.

Conclusions:

  • HIV diagnoses and rates rose in Canada in 2018.
  • gbMSM remains the primary exposure category, while cases among women are increasing.
  • PHAC is committed to enhancing data collection and analysis to better understand the HIV burden in Canada.