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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.6K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

428

Epigenetics of Sepsis.

Alexandra Binnie1,2, Jennifer L Y Tsang3,4, Pingzhao Hu5

  • 1William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada.

Critical Care Medicine
|March 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications play a central role in sepsis development and progression. Targeting these epigenetic changes may offer new therapeutic strategies for sepsis and its related organ failures.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and immunology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic regulation influences gene expression without altering DNA sequence.
  • Mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA regulation.
  • Epigenetic changes are responsive to environmental stressors, linking genetics and environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on the role of epigenetics in sepsis pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetic therapies for sepsis treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed using keywords: epigenetics, sepsis, infection, critical illness, ARDS, ALI.
  • Inclusion of in vitro, animal, and human studies.
  • Narrative synthesis of extracted data.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations in host cells can favor pathogen survival during infection.
  • Epigenetic modifications in regulatory genes (e.g., TNF, IL-1β) characterize the inflammatory response in sepsis.
  • Epigenetic changes are linked to endotoxin tolerance and immune suppression in later sepsis stages.
  • Epigenetic modifiers improved survival and reversed organ injury in animal sepsis models.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications are integral to sepsis pathogenesis, from initial infection to immune suppression.
  • Epigenetic markers may aid in sepsis diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Epigenetic therapies show promise in preclinical sepsis models.
  • Further human studies on epigenetics in sepsis are critically needed.