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Therapeutic targeting of the DNA damage response in prostate cancer

Catherine H Marshall1, Emmanuel S Antonarakis

  • 1Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Oncology
|March 14, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This review covers common DNA repair gene mutations in advanced prostate cancer. Understanding these genetic alterations is key for targeted therapies like poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibition and PD-1 blockade.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genetic and genomic testing are crucial in modern oncology.
  • Germline and somatic testing are recommended for prostate cancer patients with high-risk, metastatic, or castration-resistant disease.
  • Common mutations in advanced prostate cancer involve DNA repair and damage response genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight common DNA repair gene mutations in prostate cancer.
  • To review the epidemiology of these mutations.
  • To discuss treatment implications, focusing on poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibition and PD-1 blockade.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on DNA repair gene mutations in prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data for common mutations.
  • Examination of treatment strategies targeting DNA repair pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identified frequent mutations in genes involved in DNA repair and damage response in advanced prostate cancer.
  • Highlighted the significance of these mutations for patient stratification.
  • Emphasized the growing role of targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors and PD-1 blockade.

Conclusions:

  • Genomically-targeted treatments are becoming increasingly vital for prostate cancer management.
  • Understanding DNA repair gene mutations is essential for personalized oncology.
  • Future research will likely focus on expanding the utility of targeted therapies based on specific genetic profiles.

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