Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

787
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
787
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

1.4K
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
1.4K
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

825
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
825
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

36.1K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
36.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.2K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.2K
Carrier Transport01:21

Carrier Transport

852
The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
852

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Erratum: Density effects on electronic configurations in dense plasmas [Phys. Rev. E 97, 023206 (2018)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Erratum: Carbon ionization from a quantum average-atom model up to gigabar pressures [Phys. Rev. E 104, 025209 (2021)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Erratum: Electron-ion coupling factor for temperature relaxation in dense plasmas [Phys. Rev. E 101, 023206 (2020)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Equivalence between pressure- and structure-defined ionization in hot dense carbon.

Physical review. E·2022
Same author

Carbon ionization from a quantum average-atom model up to gigabar pressures.

Physical review. E·2021
Same author

Electrical resistivity calculations in dense plasmas.

Physical review. E·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

13.0K

Electron-ion coupling factor for temperature relaxation in dense plasmas.

Gérald Faussurier1

  • 1CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France.

Physical Review. E
|March 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study compares two formulas for electron-ion coupling in dense plasmas. One formula accurately models warm-dense matter, crucial for understanding temperature relaxation in extreme conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Accurate calculation of electron-ion coupling is essential for understanding temperature relaxation in dense plasmas.
  • Existing formulas for electron-ion coupling show discrepancies in the warm-dense-matter regime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare two first-principles formulas for calculating the electron-ion coupling factor in dense plasmas.
  • To determine the validity of these formulas in the warm-dense-matter and hot dense plasma regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the quantum average-atom model to compute the electron-ion coupling factor.
  • Comparing formula predictions with the Landau-Spitzer formula in the kinetic regime.
  • Validating formulas against results from quantum molecular dynamics simulations.

More Related Videos

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

5.2K
Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface
08:50

Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface

Published on: January 24, 2018

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

13.0K
Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

5.2K
Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface
08:50

Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface

Published on: January 24, 2018

14.2K

Main Results:

  • Two formulas for electron-ion coupling agree in the high-temperature kinetic regime and align with the Landau-Spitzer formula.
  • Significant differences emerge between the two formulas in the warm-dense-matter regime.
  • Only one of the compared formulas demonstrates consistency with quantum molecular dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The quantum average-atom model is employed to assess electron-ion coupling factor formulas.
  • The study identifies the reliable formula for temperature relaxation in warm and hot dense plasmas based on consistency with quantum molecular dynamics.
  • This research clarifies the applicability of different theoretical approaches in dense plasma physics.