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Phase separation in a two-dimensional binary colloidal mixture by quorum sensing activity.

Jalim Singh1, A V Anil Kumar1

  • 1School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.

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Summary
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We simulated an active-passive colloidal disk mixture. Increasing active particle persistence time revealed three regimes: active glass, phase separation, and active liquid, impacting system dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Active matter physics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Glassy dynamics are prevalent in active biological systems.
  • Quorum sensing regulates particle activity based on local density.
  • Understanding active-passive mixtures is key to modeling complex biological and synthetic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of particle activity persistence on the dynamics of an active-passive mixture.
  • To characterize the emergent phases and transitions in a binary colloidal system with quorum-sensing-inspired activity.
  • To explore the relationship between activity, glassy behavior, and phase separation.

Main Methods:

  • Langevin dynamics simulations were employed.
  • A glassy active-passive mixture of soft-repulsive binary colloidal disks was modeled.
  • Activity was applied to smaller particles based on a quorum sensing scheme with varying persistence times.

Main Results:

  • A non-monotonic glassy character was observed for active particles as persistence time increased.
  • Phase separation occurred in passive particles at intermediate persistence times, forming hexatic-liquid and solid-liquid phases.
  • Three distinct regimes were identified: active glass, phase separation, and active liquid, as persistence time increased.

Conclusions:

  • The stability of solid-like and hexatic phases in passive particles is linked to reduced momentum transfer from active particles.
  • The system exhibits tunable emergent behaviors, transitioning between glassy, phase-separated, and liquid states.
  • This model provides insights into active biological systems and synthetic amorphous glasses exhibiting glassy dynamics.