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Prophylactic Antibiotics for Reducing Central Line-associated Blood Stream Infection in Children with Totally

Sana Amir Akbar1, Zoona Feroza Qudsia2, Muhammad Nabeel Ashraf3

  • 1Department of Surgery, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|March 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Prophylactic antibiotics before totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) insertion did not reduce central line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) in pediatric oncology patients. This study found no significant difference in infection rates between groups receiving or not receiving antibiotics.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Central line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) are a significant concern in pediatric oncology patients requiring totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs).
  • Prophylactic antibiotic use before TIVAD insertion is a strategy to prevent early postoperative infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the necessity of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing early postoperative CLABSI in pediatric oncology patients undergoing TIVAD insertion.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2005 to June 2016.
  • 645 pediatric oncology patients with TIVADs were divided into two groups: one receiving prophylactic antibiotics (Group A) and one not (Group B).
  • Infection rates were compared based on positive central blood cultures within 30 days post-surgery, excluding other infection sources.

Main Results:

  • The infection rate in Group B (no antibiotics) was 12.54%, while in Group A (antibiotics) it was 11.68%.
  • There was no statistically significant difference in CLABSI rates between the two groups (p = 0.741).

Conclusions:

  • Prophylactic antibiotic administration before TIVAD insertion offers no discernible advantage in preventing early postoperative CLABSI in pediatric oncology patients.
  • Current practices regarding prophylactic antibiotics for TIVAD insertion in this population may warrant re-evaluation based on these findings.
Abstract

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