The association between vitamin D deficiency and hospitalization outcomes in pediatric patients with sickle cell

Brande Brown1, Kathleen Long1, Levon Agdere2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, 506 6th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11215, United States of America.

Insights

Low vitamin D levels in pediatric patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) are linked to more frequent emergency room visits and hospital admissions for pain crises. This highlights a potential area for intervention to improve outcomes for SCD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is associated with chronic pain.
  • Low vitamin D levels are known to exacerbate chronic pain in SCD patients.
  • The impact of vitamin D on hospitalization outcomes in SCD is not well-studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D levels and hospitalization outcomes in pediatric SCD patients.
  • To compare hospitalization rates (ER visits, pain crisis admissions, length of stay) between vitamin D deficient and sufficient SCD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric SCD patients (1-21 years old) from January 2015 to January 2016.
  • Inclusion criteria: at least one recorded vitamin D level and follow-up during the study period (n=90).
  • Comparison of hospitalization rates based on vitamin D status: deficiency (<20 ng/ml) vs. sufficiency (>20 ng/ml).

Main Results:

  • Patients with SCD and vitamin D deficiency showed a significantly higher likelihood of ER visits (p < 0.01).
  • Vitamin D deficient SCD patients had more admissions for pain crisis (p < 0.01).
  • A longer length of hospital stay was observed in vitamin D deficient SCD patients (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Significant association found between vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) and adverse hospitalization outcomes in pediatric SCD patients.
  • Vitamin D deficiency correlates with increased ER visits, pain crisis admissions, and longer hospital stays.
  • Further research is needed to determine if vitamin D supplementation can improve hospitalization outcomes in SCD.
Abstract

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