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Risk factors of meconium-related ileus in very low birth weight infants: patients-control study

Jeik Byun1, Ji-Won Han1, Joong Kee Youn1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Scientific Reports
|March 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Meconium-related ileus (MRI) affects very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. Low birth weight and fetal distress are key risk factors for MRI, while male gender and low birth weight predict surgical intervention needs.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates are susceptible to various complications, including meconium-related ileus (MRI).
  • MRI in VLBW infants presents diagnostic and management challenges, often requiring surgical intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with meconium-related ileus (MRI) in VLBW neonates.
  • To determine predictors for surgical intervention in VLBW infants diagnosed with MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study including 1543 VLBW neonates admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital (October 2002 - September 2016).
  • Diagnostic criteria for MRI included clinical signs, imaging findings, and exclusion of necrotizing enteritis or perforation.
  • Comparison between medical and surgical management groups to identify risk factors for each outcome.

Main Results:

  • Low birth weight (BW) and fetal distress were identified as independent risk factors for developing MRI.
  • In neonates requiring surgery for MRI, male gender and low BW were independent predictors.
  • Risk factors for MRI included low BW, cesarean delivery, fetal distress, and maternal conditions; surgical MRI risk factors included male gender, younger gestational age, and low BW.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying specific risk factors for MRI in VLBW neonates is crucial for early detection and management.
  • Understanding predictors for surgical MRI can help guide clinical decisions and potentially reduce the need for invasive procedures.
  • Targeted attention to risk factors like low birth weight and fetal distress may help minimize surgical interventions for MRI in VLBW infants.

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