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Native plants for greening Mediterranean agroecosystems.

Borja Jiménez-Alfaro1, Stephanie Frischie2,3,4, Juliane Stolz2,5

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Summary

Native annual grasses and forbs show great potential as ground covers in Mediterranean woody crops, supporting ecosystem restoration and regenerative agriculture. This study outlines a framework for selecting and producing these vital native seeds.

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Area of Science:

  • Agroecology
  • Restoration Ecology
  • Botany

Background:

  • Agroecological practices for Mediterranean woody crops recommend herbaceous ground covers to balance crop production and biodiversity.
  • A significant barrier to implementing these practices is the lack of a reliable supply of suitable native seeds.

Discussion:

  • This research introduces a systematic process for selecting regionally adapted species with a focus on seed production viability.
  • An assessment of native annuals in olive groves revealed that 85% possess desirable ecological and production traits for ground cover applications.
  • Current research in regenerative agriculture has overlooked native species, favoring commercial or unsuitable varieties.

Key Insights:

  • Many native species are neglected in agronomic research despite their potential for ground covers and nature-based solutions.
  • The developed framework provides a method for identifying and evaluating native species for restoration and agroecosystem applications.
  • The findings highlight the untapped potential of native flora for enhancing agricultural sustainability and biodiversity.

Outlook:

  • The proposed framework can be adapted for use in diverse agroecosystems to support global greening initiatives.
  • Scaling up native seed production is crucial for the success of the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
  • Further research and development are needed to integrate neglected native species into mainstream agricultural and restoration practices.