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Purulent infectious myositis (formerly tropical pyomyositis)

Miguel E Habeych1, Terry Trinh2, Nancy F Crum-Cianflone3

  • 1Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|March 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Purulent infectious myositis (PIM) is a bacterial skeletal muscle infection, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Early diagnosis and treatment with drainage and antibiotics are crucial for managing this potentially severe condition.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Purulent infectious myositis (PIM), previously tropical pyomyositis, is a pyogenic skeletal muscle infection.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is the primary pathogen, though other microorganisms can be involved.
  • PIM presents as a febrile illness with muscle pain, but can be severe, especially in immunocompromised individuals and children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review purulent infectious myositis (PIM).
  • Highlighting its global distribution, causative agents, predisposing factors, management, and potential complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PIM.
  • Analysis of diagnostic imaging modalities.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies including antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage.

Main Results:

  • PIM diagnosis can be challenging due to subtle skin changes, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
  • Imaging like ultrasonography, CT, and MRI are vital for diagnosis.
  • Treatment involves surgical drainage and culture-guided antibiotics, with vancomycin recommended for MRSA strains.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for favorable outcomes in PIM.
  • The increasing prevalence of MRSA necessitates updated treatment guidelines.
  • Understanding PIM's epidemiology and risk factors aids in prevention and control efforts.
Keywords:
Causal agentsComplicationsPredisposing factorsPurulent infectious myositisStaphylococcus aureusTropical pyomyositis

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