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Immune cell engineering: opportunities in lung cancer therapeutics
Arpit Bhargava1, Dinesh Kumar Mishra2, Rajnarayan Tiwari1
1Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Kamla Nehru Hospital,, Building (Gandhi Medical College Campus), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462001, India.
Abstract:
Engineered immune cells offer a prime therapeutic alternate for some aggressive and frequently occurring malignancies like lung cancer. These therapies were reported to result in tumor regression and overall improvement in patient survival. However, studies also suggest that the presence of cancer cell-induced immune-suppressive microenvironment, off-target toxicity, and difficulty in concurrent imaging are some prime impendent in the success of these approaches. The present article reviews the need and significance of the currently available immune cell-based strategies for lung cancer therapeutics. It also showcases the utility of incorporating nanoengineered strategies and details the available formulations of nanocarriers. In last, it briefly discussed the existing methods for nanoparticle fuctionalization and challenges in translating basic research to the clinics. Graphical Abstract.
Insights
Engineered immune cell therapy shows promise for lung cancer, but faces challenges. Combining these therapies with nanocarriers could improve efficacy and overcome limitations for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Immunotherapy
- Nanotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Engineered immune cells offer a promising therapeutic alternative for aggressive lung cancer, demonstrating tumor regression and improved survival.
- Current limitations include the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment, potential off-target toxicity, and challenges in concurrent imaging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the significance of current immune cell-based strategies for lung cancer therapeutics.
- To explore the utility of incorporating nanoengineered strategies and nanocarrier formulations.
- To discuss nanoparticle functionalization methods and challenges in clinical translation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on engineered immune cell therapies for lung cancer.
- Analysis of nanoengineered strategies and nanocarrier formulations for therapeutic enhancement.
- Discussion of nanoparticle functionalization techniques and clinical translation hurdles.
Main Results:
- Immune cell therapies have shown potential but are hindered by the tumor microenvironment and toxicity.
- Nanoengineered strategies and nanocarriers present a viable approach to overcome these limitations.
- Various nanoparticle functionalization methods exist, but clinical translation remains a challenge.
Conclusions:
- Integrating nanoengineering with immune cell therapy is crucial for advancing lung cancer treatment.
- Addressing challenges in nanoparticle functionalization and clinical translation is essential for therapeutic success.
- Further research is needed to optimize these combined strategies for improved patient survival and reduced toxicity.
