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Developing a Family Achievement Guilt Scale Grounded in First-Generation College Student Voices
Rebecca Covarrubias1, Isidro Landa2, Ronald Gallimore3
1University of California, Santa Cruz, USA.
Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|March 17, 2020
Summary
First-generation college students may experience family achievement guilt, a distress from leaving family for higher education. This study developed a reliable scale to measure this guilt, validating students' experiences.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Higher Education Studies
Background:
- First-generation students often face unique socioemotional challenges.
- Family achievement guilt, a distress related to leaving family for college, is understudied but impacts student outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a psychometrically sound scale measuring family achievement guilt in college students.
- To understand the specific dimensions of family achievement guilt.
Main Methods:
- Psychometric methods were employed to develop the family achievement guilt scale.
- A 41-item guilt measure was administered online to first-generation and continuing-generation students.
- Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying factors of guilt.
Main Results:
- The family achievement guilt scale demonstrated good internal and test-retest reliability.
- Four factors of guilt emerged: Leaving Family Behind, Having More Privileges, Becoming Different, and Experiencing Pressures about not being successful.
- Guilt positively predicted engagement in family roles and interdependent college motives.
Conclusions:
- The developed scale offers a reliable way to measure family achievement guilt.
- Findings validate the experiences of first-generation students and highlight the need for institutional support.
- Understanding family achievement guilt can inform better support systems for diverse student populations.
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