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The relation between memory and decision-making in multiple sclerosis patients.

Janina A Hoffmann1, Lena Bareuther2, Roger Schmidt3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Bath, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|March 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients often have working memory impairments that impact decision-making skills. Addressing these memory deficits is crucial for supporting patient autonomy and informed medical choices in MS care.

Keywords:
Choice behaviorDecision makingLong-term memoryMultiple sclerosisShared decision makingShort-term memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with long-term and working memory impairments, even in early disease stages.
  • These cognitive deficits in MS may compromise patients' capacity for informed medical decision-making.
  • Previous research linked memory deficits and reduced executive functioning to less accurate decisions in MS, but focused on decisions under risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between memory impairments and a broad spectrum of decision-making skills in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis.
  • To determine how working memory and semantic memory capacities influence distinct components of decision making in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 137 participants with MS recruited from a specialized rehabilitation center.
  • Assessment of working memory and semantic memory using the inventory for memory diagnostics.
  • Evaluation of decision-making competence across five subscales using the Adult Decision Making Competence (A-DMC) battery.

Main Results:

  • Working memory was impaired in most MS participants, while semantic memory remained largely intact.
  • Lower working memory capacity correlated with increased susceptibility to framing effects and reduced adherence to decision rules.
  • Poorer semantic memory was associated with less accurate self-assessment of knowledge, inconsistent risk perception, and more errors in applying decision rules.

Conclusions:

  • Memory impairments in MS patients extend to higher-order cognitive functions, including decision-making skills.
  • Effective support for shared decision-making and patient autonomy in MS necessitates consideration of individual memory abilities.
  • Tailoring information delivery to patients' memory capacities is essential for improving decision-making competence in Multiple Sclerosis.