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Irbesartan Attenuates Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats through Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Endogenous

Hayder M Al-Kuraishy1, Ali I Al-Gareeb1, Marwa S Al-Nami1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.

International Journal of Preventive Medicine
|March 17, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Irbesartan demonstrates nephroprotective effects against gentamicin-induced kidney damage in rats. It reduces oxidative stress biomarkers and improves renal function, highlighting its potential for treating acute nephrotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is primarily driven by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Angiotensin II blockers, like irbesartan, show promise in protecting kidneys by improving renal function and reducing inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nephroprotective effects of irbesartan in a rat model of gentamicin-induced kidney injury.
  • To assess the impact of irbesartan on oxidative stress biomarkers in the context of acute nephrotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, and gentamicin plus irbesartan.
  • Key biomarkers including blood urea, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSH), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), and cystatin-c were measured.

Main Results:

  • Irbesartan significantly decreased levels of blood urea, serum creatinine, MDA, NGAL, KIM-1, and cystatin-c (P < 0.05).
  • Treatment with irbesartan led to a significant increase in SOD levels (P < 0.05) but did not significantly alter GSH levels.

Conclusions:

  • Irbesartan exhibits a significant nephroprotective effect against acute kidney injury induced by gentamicin in rats.
  • The protective mechanism involves the modulation of oxidative stress and enhancement of antioxidant capacity.
Keywords:
Antioxidant capacitygentamicinirbesartannephrotoxicityoxidative stress

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