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Investigating COD and Nitrate-Nitrogen Flow and Distribution Variations in the MUCT Process Using ORP as a Control

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Optimizing the main anoxic stage oxidation-reduction potential (ORPan) in the modified University of Cape Town (MUCT) process to -95 mV enhances chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrate-nitrogen distribution. This optimal ORPan also maximizes the carbon source saving effect in wastewater treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Wastewater Treatment Technologies
  • Biochemical Processes

Background:

  • The modified University of Cape Town (MUCT) process is a key technology for wastewater treatment.
  • Understanding the flow and distribution of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrate-nitrogen is crucial for process optimization.
  • The role of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the main anoxic stage (ORPan) on microbial activity and nutrient removal requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different main anoxic stage oxidation-reduction potential (ORPan) conditions on the distribution of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrate-nitrogen within the MUCT process.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of the carbon source saving effect under varying ORPan levels.
  • To determine the optimal ORPan setting for efficient nutrient removal and carbon source utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a programmable logic controller (PLC) automatic control system with a feedback control structure.
  • Analyzed material balance in each reaction stage of the MUCT process.
  • Investigated biochemical reaction principles of activated sludge under controlled ORPan values ranging from -140 mV to -60 mV.

Main Results:

  • The highest COD distribution ratios for phosphorus-accumulating bacteria were observed in the anaerobic and preanoxic stages at an ORPan of -95 mV (51.74% and 7.70%, respectively).
  • At -95 mV ORPan, COD distribution in the main anoxic stage favored heterotrophic bacteria (4.40%) and denitrifying bacteria (7.19%).
  • Increasing ORPan from -140 mV to -60 mV enhanced the distribution ratio of denitrifying phosphate-accumulating bacteria from 76.46% to 86.32% in the main anoxic stage.
  • Optimal ORPan of -95 mV resulted in the most significant carbon source saving effect, with acetic acid dosage increasing from 20.33 g/d to 24.76 g/d and a saving rate increase from 23.19% to 26.56%.

Conclusions:

  • Regulation of ORPan in the MUCT process effectively alters material flow and mass distribution of COD and nitrate-nitrogen.
  • An ORPan setting of -95 mV optimizes the distribution of COD and nitrate-nitrogen, leading to the most significant carbon source saving effect.
  • The study provides critical insights for optimizing MUCT process performance and resource efficiency in wastewater treatment.