Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Testing Water Quality

Testing Water Quality

When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Wearable TENS Garment for Joint Pain Management: IEC 60601 Compliant Design and Preliminary Evaluation.

IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine·2026

Same author

Radiographic and macroscopic dry bone manifestations of childhood leukemia in a case of known cause of death from mid-20th century Portugal.

International journal of paleopathology·2026

Same author

Improved Polymer Membrane for Textile Zinc-Ion Capacitor.

Polymers·2025

Same author

Single-J versus double-J stents after ureterorenoscopy for renal stones: A randomized comparison of safety and tolerability.

Central European journal of urology·2025

Same author

Solution-Processed Diode-Like ZnO Nanoparticle Device with Tunable Threshold Voltage and Super-Nernstian Ion Sensitivity.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Same author

Tripeptides Featuring Dehydrophenylalanine and Homophenylalanine: Homo- Versus Hetero-Chirality and Sequence Effects on Self-Assembly and Gelation.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Published on: August 30, 2016

Wash Testing of Electronic Yarn.

Dorothy Anne Hardy¹, Zahra Rahemtulla¹, Achala Satharasinghe¹

¹The Advanced Textiles Research Group, School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|March 19, 2020

Summary

Washable electronic yarns (E-yarns) show good durability, especially those with simple copper wire. Larger components reduce resilience, but E-yarns are suitable for washable textiles with design considerations.

Keywords:

LED electronic textiles electronic yarn flexible circuit microphone package die smart textiles thermistor tumble-dry wash test

More Related Videos

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Published on: September 1, 2018

A Simple and Scalable Fabrication Method for Organic Electronic Devices on Textiles

A Simple and Scalable Fabrication Method for Organic Electronic Devices on Textiles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Published on: August 30, 2016

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Published on: September 1, 2018

A Simple and Scalable Fabrication Method for Organic Electronic Devices on Textiles

A Simple and Scalable Fabrication Method for Organic Electronic Devices on Textiles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Area of Science:

Textile Engineering
Materials Science
Wearable Technology

Background:

Electronically active yarns (E-yarns) integrate electronic functions into textiles.
Washability is crucial for consumer applications of smart textiles.
Previous research has not comprehensively detailed E-yarn wash durability.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the wash durability of various E-yarn constructions.
To identify factors influencing E-yarn performance after washing.
To determine the suitability of E-yarns for incorporation into washable textiles.

Main Methods:

E-yarns were subjected to washing tests following a modified BS EN ISO 6330:2012 procedure 4N.
Tests included machine washing with line drying and tumble drying.
Functional performance of E-yarns (sensing, illumination) was assessed post-washing.

Main Results:

E-yarns with only copper wire survived 25 wash-dry cycles (line dry) and 5-15 cycles (tumble dry).
Temperature sensing E-yarns and LEDs maintained function after 25 line-dried cycles.
E-yarns with larger micro-pods (e.g., acoustic sensors, embedded circuits) showed reduced wash resilience.

Conclusions:

E-yarns demonstrate potential for washable smart textiles.
Wash durability is dependent on the size of integrated electronic components and micro-pods.
Minimizing micro-pod size is recommended to enhance E-yarn wash resilience.