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Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

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Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...

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Cystatin C: A Primer for Pharmacists.

Hilary R Teaford1, Jason N Barreto1, Kathryn J Vollmer2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Serum creatinine has limitations for assessing kidney function in medication management. Serum cystatin C offers an alternative biomarker for drug dosing and monitoring, improving medication safety and effectiveness.

Keywords:
biomarkercritical illnesscystatin Cestimated glomerular filtration ratekidney functionmuscle masspharmacokineticssarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Accurate kidney function assessment is crucial for safe and effective medication dosing and monitoring.
  • Serum creatinine (SCr) based equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have limitations.
  • SCr is insensitive to early kidney function changes and influenced by non-kidney factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate serum cystatin C (cysC) as an adjunct or alternative to SCr for kidney function assessment in medication management.
  • To educate pharmacists on the strengths and limitations of cysC for drug dosing.
  • To discuss the application of cysC in special populations and practical implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on serum cystatin C.
  • Analysis of evidence for cysC in medication dosing and monitoring.
  • Discussion of cysC's utility in specific patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Serum cystatin C (cysC) can serve as a valuable biomarker for kidney function assessment.
  • eGFR equations incorporating cysC show promise for improving medication management.
  • Variations in cysC-GFR relationship exist, and not all populations are studied.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacists require education on cysC's strengths and limitations for effective medication management.
  • Use of cysC-inclusive eGFR equations should be reserved for scenarios with demonstrated benefits.
  • Optimizing drug dosing and reducing toxicity are key applications for cysC in pharmacotherapy.