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Relationships between Neonatal Nutrition and Growth to 36 Weeks' Corrected Age in ELBW Babies-Secondary Cohort

Barbara E Cormack1,2, Yannan Jiang1, Jane E Harding1

  • 1Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand.

Nutrients
|March 19, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing nutrition, especially protein intake, in the first four weeks after birth is crucial for improving growth, particularly head growth, in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants up to 36 weeks corrected age.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants face significant growth challenges.
  • Early nutrition is a key modifiable factor for neurodevelopment and growth in ELBW infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between nutrient intake in the first four weeks post-birth and growth outcomes up to 36 weeks corrected age in ELBW infants.
  • To identify specific nutrients associated with improved growth trajectories in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 434 ELBW infants within the ProVIDe randomized controlled trial.
  • Collection of macronutrient intake data from birth to 4 weeks.
  • Tracking of weight, length, and head circumference measurements from birth to 36 weeks corrected age.

Main Results:

  • Significant negative z-score changes observed for weight, length, and head circumference from birth to 36 weeks corrected age.
  • Protein intake during the first four weeks was correlated with changes in z-scores at 36 weeks corrected age.
  • Each 1 g·Kg -1 ·d -1 increase in protein intake during week 2 was associated with a 0.26 z-score increase in head circumference at 36 weeks corrected age.

Conclusions:

  • Early nutritional intake, particularly protein, is significantly associated with growth outcomes in ELBW infants.
  • Variability in nutritional practices and growth outcomes across different clinical sites suggests potential for improvement.
  • Enhanced nutritional strategies may be beneficial for optimizing growth in ELBW infants.

Keywords:
amino acidextremely low birthweightgestational agegrowthinfantnewbornnutritionparenteral nutritionprematurepretermprotein

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