Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

37.8K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
37.8K
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

40.1K
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
40.1K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

6.2K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
6.2K
Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

60.6K
During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
60.6K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

27.2K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
27.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mutations Causative of CPEO Differentially Engage Innate Immunity Sensors.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Cell-free mitochondrial DNA and microRNA-137 for early diagnosis of preeclampsia.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same author

POLQ-driven repair scars shape the immunogenic landscape of homologous recombination-deficient pancreatic cancer.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Design of a Targeted Covalent Probe to Interrogate the DNA Polymerase Activity of Polθ.

ACS medicinal chemistry letters·2026
Same author

RUNX2 cooperates with SREBP1 to rewire cancer metabolism and promote aggressiveness.

Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR·2025
Same author

The Discovery of RP-2119: A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Polθ ATPase Inhibitor.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy
15:57

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 9, 2009

23.0K

Single-molecule analysis of mtDNA replication with high resolution.

Marco Tigano1, Aaron Fraser Phillips1, Agnel Sfeir1

  • 1Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Department of Developmental Genetics, New York, NY, United States.

Methods in Cell Biology
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

DNA combing technology now offers high-resolution in vivo insights into mitochondrial DNA replication. This advanced method, mito-SMARD, analyzes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication dynamics with unprecedented detail.

Keywords:
DNA combingDNA fibersMitochondrial DNAThymidine analogsmtDNAmtDNA replicationmtDNA replication speed

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization
07:37

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization

Published on: September 27, 2024

2.3K
Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

19.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy
15:57

Visualizing Single-molecule DNA Replication with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 9, 2009

23.0K
Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization
07:37

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization

Published on: September 27, 2024

2.3K
Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

19.2K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • DNA combing is a key technique for studying DNA replication in vivo.
  • It has been widely applied to nuclear DNA replication, enabling origin identification and fork analysis.
  • Previous methods lacked high-resolution in vivo analysis for mitochondrial DNA replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and optimize DNA combing technology for studying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication.
  • To develop a high-resolution in vivo method for analyzing mtDNA replication dynamics.
  • To provide new insights into the mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA replication.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of DNA combing technology for mitochondrial DNA analysis.
  • Incorporation of thymidine analogs (CldU and IdU) into nascent mtDNA.
  • Visualization using immunofluorescence with specific antibodies.
  • Development of the mito-SMARD (mitochondrial single molecule analysis of replication DNA) protocol.

Main Results:

  • Successful adaptation of DNA combing for high-resolution in vivo analysis of mtDNA replication.
  • The mito-SMARD protocol provides detailed insights into mtDNA replication dynamics.
  • Demonstrated the utility of the method for studying mitochondrial DNA replication.

Conclusions:

  • Mito-SMARD is a powerful new tool for investigating mitochondrial DNA replication in vivo.
  • This technology significantly advances the study of mtDNA replication mechanisms.
  • Enables high-resolution analysis of mtDNA replication fork progression and origins.