Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

17.0K
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
17.0K
Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

5.4K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.4K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

6.1K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
6.1K
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

57.3K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
57.3K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

2.1K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
2.1K
The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

31.5K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
31.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dopaminergic neurons preferentially accumulate mtDNA rearrangements.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Persistence of large mtDNA rearrangements linked to premature aging in Pol γ exonuclease-deficient mice.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Generation and characterization of the TRE-TNFR2 transgenic mouse for cell-specific and timed (over)expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2.

Cytokine·2026
Same author

The Mitochondrial Blueprint of Skin Aging: From Damage Signals to Dermatologic Interventions.

Aging and disease·2026
Same author

Transient muscle expression of mitoARCUS in mice leads to sustained reductions in pathogenic mtDNA and reduces fatigability.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2025
Same author

mtDNA base editing: Mind the gap.

Molecular cell·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Insect-machine Hybrid System: Remote Radio Control of a Freely Flying Beetle Mercynorrhina torquata
10:17

Insect-machine Hybrid System: Remote Radio Control of a Freely Flying Beetle Mercynorrhina torquata

Published on: September 2, 2016

12.6K

Cybrid technology.

Sandra R Bacman1, Nadee Nissanka1, Carlos T Moraes1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.

Methods in Cell Biology
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers can now genetically manipulate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in animal cells using transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) technology. This method involves transferring mitochondria between cells to study pathogenic mutations.

Keywords:
Mitochondrial diseasesRho zero cellsTransmitochondrial cybridsmtDNA

More Related Videos

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes
08:24

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Published on: February 28, 2020

9.2K
Cardiac Muscle Cell-based Actuator and Self-stabilizing Biorobot - Part 2
09:33

Cardiac Muscle Cell-based Actuator and Self-stabilizing Biorobot - Part 2

Published on: May 9, 2017

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Insect-machine Hybrid System: Remote Radio Control of a Freely Flying Beetle Mercynorrhina torquata
10:17

Insect-machine Hybrid System: Remote Radio Control of a Freely Flying Beetle Mercynorrhina torquata

Published on: September 2, 2016

12.6K
Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes
08:24

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Published on: February 28, 2020

9.2K
Cardiac Muscle Cell-based Actuator and Self-stabilizing Biorobot - Part 2
09:33

Cardiac Muscle Cell-based Actuator and Self-stabilizing Biorobot - Part 2

Published on: May 9, 2017

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial biology and genetics
  • Cell biology
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Genetic manipulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in living animal cells has been a significant challenge.
  • Understanding mtDNA is crucial for studying various diseases and cellular processes.
  • Previous limitations hindered research into mitochondrial genome function and dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe procedures for obtaining transmitochondrial cybrids.
  • To enable genetic manipulation of the mitochondrial genome in animal cells.
  • To facilitate the study of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of mtDNA-containing cytoplasts from donor cells.
  • Fusion of cytoplasts with mtDNA-less recipient cells.
  • Generation of transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids).

Main Results:

  • Successful creation of transmitochondrial cybrids.
  • Establishment of a method for transferring functional mitochondria and mtDNA between cells.
  • Overcoming previous limitations in mitochondrial genome manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • Transmitochondrial cybrid technology provides a viable method for genetically manipulating mtDNA in living animal cells.
  • This technique is instrumental in understanding the mechanisms of pathogenic mtDNA mutations.
  • The described procedures will advance research in mitochondrial biology and related diseases.