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  • 1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.

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Consideration of future consequences (CFC) links brain structure to behavior. Grey matter density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) relates to future consequences, mediated by conscientiousness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Individual differences in valuing immediate versus future outcomes, known as consideration of future consequences (CFC), significantly impact daily behavior.
  • While brain structure and personality are thought to influence CFC, the precise relationships remain unclear.
  • This study investigates the neural correlates of CFC, specifically differentiating between future (CFC-F) and immediate (CFC-I) orientations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the brain structure associated with CFC-F and CFC-I.
  • To examine the mediating role of conscientiousness in the relationship between brain structure and CFC.
  • To provide initial evidence for the neural basis of future-oriented decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach to analyze brain structure.
  • Measured grey matter density (GMD) as a proxy for brain structure.
  • Assessed personality traits, focusing on conscientiousness, and CFC scores.

Main Results:

  • Found a positive association between GMD in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) and CFC-F.
  • No significant brain regions were found to be associated with CFC-I.
  • Conscientiousness significantly mediated the relationship between VMPFC GMD and CFC-F.

Conclusions:

  • VMPFC grey matter density is a neural correlate of future-oriented behavior (CFC-F).
  • Conscientiousness acts as a mediator, linking VMPFC structure to future consequences consideration.
  • The distinct neural underpinnings may explain the differences between CFC-F and CFC-I.