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Inhibiting the Whole Number Bias in a Fraction Comparison Task: An Event-Related Potential Study
Xinchen Fu1, Xiaodong Li2, Ping Xu2
1Faculty of Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
Introduction:
People often use heuristics derived from natural number tasks to solve fraction comparison tasks. For instance, one may falsely consider a fraction with a larger natural number to be the larger in magnitude, as in the case of 1/5 vs 1/4. We hypothesized that inhibitory control was needed to overcome this type of bias.
Methods:
To test the hypothesis, Event-related potentials (ERP) were collected when participants were conducting fraction comparison tasks that designed with the negative priming paradigm. Twenty-eight adult participants performed three types of fraction comparison tasks: congruent items, incongruent items and neutral items.
Results:
We found a negative priming effect in terms of response time. Consistently, ERP results demonstrated larger N1 and N2 amplitudes and a smaller P3 amplitude in the test trial than in the control trial.
Conclusion:
These findings indicated that adults still need to inhibit the "larger natural number-larger fraction" misleading strategy when solving fraction comparison tasks with common components.
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