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Cultivation of the Marine Pelagic Tunicate Dolioletta gegenbauri Uljanin 1884 for Experimental Studies
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Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology.
Cody Coyotee Howard1,2, Nico Cellinese1,3,4
1Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville Florida.
Ecology and Evolution
|March 19, 2020
Summary
This study reveals that larger plant bulbs are associated with warmer climates and less seasonal temperatures. Hysteranthous plants, which flower separately from leaves, have larger bulbs due to stored resources.
Area of Science:
- Botany
- Evolutionary Biology
- Ecology
Background:
- Plant bulbs are modified shoot systems crucial for plant fitness.
- Bulb size influences flower formation and resource allocation.
- Evolutionary and ecological aspects of bulb size remain understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the evolutionary significance of monocot tunicate bulb size.
- Analyze bulb size in a phylogenetic context.
- Explore ecological correlations of bulb size.
Main Methods:
- Examined over 2,500 herbarium vouchers from 115 monocot species.
- Analyzed bulb diameter within a phylogenetic framework.
- Correlated bulb size with climate and plant habit (hysteranthy).
Main Results:
- Identified two distinct bulb diameter optima.
- Larger bulb size correlated with warmer climates and reduced temperature seasonality.
- Hysteranthous taxa exhibited larger bulbs, suggesting reliance on stored resources for flowering.
Conclusions:
- Bulb size is an important evolutionary and ecological trait.
- Environmental factors like climate influence bulb evolution.
- Belowground plant structures are critical for understanding plant evolution and function.