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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
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Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

A Model of Self-limited Acute Lung Injury by Unilateral Intra-bronchial Acid Instillation
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Novel Resolution Mediators of Severe Systemic Inflammation.

Verena Gudernatsch1, Sylwia Anna Stefańczyk1, Valbona Mirakaj1

  • 1Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Immunotargets and Therapy
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Severe inflammation, like sepsis, causes high ICU admissions and mortality. Understanding inflammation resolution mediators is key to developing new therapies for better patient recovery and organ function.

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immunoresolventsinflammationneuronal guidance proteinresolutionsepsisspecialized lipid mediators

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Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Nonresolving inflammation is a critical factor in severe conditions like sepsis, ARDS, and multiple organ failure, leading to high ICU mortality and long-term health issues for survivors.
  • Despite advancements, a comprehensive understanding of the complex inflammatory response and its mediators remains limited, hindering effective curative therapies.
  • Active resolution of inflammation is crucial for tissue restoration and organ function, making it an ideal therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key resolution mediators, also known as immunoresolvents, involved in resolving severe systemic inflammatory processes.
  • To highlight mediators that play a role in both the initiation and resolution phases of critical inflammatory conditions.
  • To explore the potential therapeutic impact of these immunoresolvents in treating life-threatening inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on severe systemic inflammation, sepsis, ARDS, and multiple organ failure.
  • Identification and analysis of known immunoresolvents and their roles in inflammatory resolution.
  • Examination of mediators involved in both inflammatory and resolution phases.

Main Results:

  • Several mediators have been identified as crucial for the resolution of acute inflammatory responses.
  • A subset of these mediators demonstrates efficacy in both initiating and resolving severe systemic inflammation.
  • These specific mediators show promise for significantly impacting future therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Active resolution of inflammation is essential for effective tissue repair and recovery from critical illness.
  • Immunoresolvents that bridge the initial and resolution phases are particularly significant for therapeutic development.
  • Targeting these resolution pathways offers a promising avenue for treating severe, life-threatening inflammatory conditions.