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Association between Takayasu arteritis and ischemic heart disease: a cohort study
Mathilde Versini1, Shmuel Tiosano2,3,4, Kassem Sharif2,3,4
1Department of Internal Medicine, Archet-1 Hospital, University of Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France.
Insights
Takayasu arteritis (TA) patients have a higher risk of developing ischemic heart disease (IHD). This condition also significantly reduces long-term survival rates in individuals with TA.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Rheumatology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, idiopathic large vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its branches.
- Understanding the association between TA and ischemic heart disease (IHD) is crucial for patient management and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the link between Takayasu arteritis (TA) and the incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD).
- To assess the impact of TA and IHD on patient survival rates.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study using data from Clalit Health Services (CHS) in Israel.
- 155 TA patients were compared with 755 age- and gender-matched controls.
- Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier plots, and Cox regression.
Main Results:
- TA patients exhibited a significantly higher proportion of IHD (32.3%) compared to controls (8.9%, p<0.001).
- IHD was independently associated with TA (OR=6.576) and male gender (OR=2.29).
- Over 15 years, TA patients had higher all-causes mortality, with TA (HR=2.58) and IHD (HR=1.64) linked to reduced survival.
Conclusions:
- Takayasu arteritis is associated with an increased prevalence of ischemic heart disease.
- TA patients face a reduced 15-year survival rate compared to the general population.
Purpose Of The Study:
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is an idiopathic large vessel vasculitis, which involves the aorta and its major branches. Our aim was to examine the association between TA and the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its impact on survival.
Study Design:
Using data from Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) in Israel, the proportion of IHD was compared between patients diagnosed with TA and age- and gender-matched controls. Chi-square and t-tests were used for univariate analysis, and a logistic regression model was employed for multivariate analysis. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier plots and cox regression.
Results:
The study included 155 TA patients and 755 age- and gender-frequency matched controls. The proportion of IHD in TA patients was increased in comparison with controls (32.3% and 8.9%, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, IHD was associated with TA (OR=6.576, 95% CI: 4.09-10.64) and male gender (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.43-4.26). Survival analysis over 15 years of follow-up showed a higher proportion of all-causes mortality in the TA group. In a multivariate analysis, TA (HR=2.58, 95%CI: 1.64-4.06) and IHD (HR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.05-2.55) were found to be associated with reduced survival.
Conclusions:
TA patients present an increased proportion of IHD, and a reduced 15-years survival rate compared to controls.
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