[Exercise training in advanced chronic kidney disease].

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) elevates cardiovascular risk, mortality, and diminishes quality of life.
• Patients with CKD exhibit reduced physical capacity, which further declines with hemodialysis, impacting functional independence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of exercise on cellular apoptosis, immune function, and inflammation in CKD patients.
• To assess the clinical and laboratory benefits of exercise interventions in dialysis patients.
• To determine the effect of exercise on mortality rates and healthcare economic costs in CKD.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and analysis of clinical studies on exercise interventions in CKD and hemodialysis patients.
• Assessment of changes in cellular apoptosis, immune markers, and inflammatory indicators.
• Evaluation of clinical and laboratory variables, mortality data, and healthcare costs.

Main Results:

• Exercise positively influences cellular apoptosis, immune response, and inflammation in CKD patients.
• Clinical and laboratory variables show significant improvement with exercise interventions.
• Studies suggest exercise reduces mortality and lowers healthcare economic costs in CKD patients.

Conclusions:

• Exercise interventions are safe and beneficial for patients with CKD, particularly those on hemodialysis.
• Implementing large-scale exercise programs is recommended despite existing guidelines.
• Exercise can improve physical capacity, quality of life, and reduce healthcare burden in CKD.