The role of granulocyte colony‑stimulating factor in breast cancer development: A review

Granulocyte‑colony‑stimulating factor (G‑CSF) is a member of the hematopoietic growth factor family that primarily affects the neutrophil lineage. G‑CSF serves as a powerful mobilizer of peripheral blood stem cells and recombinant human G‑CSF (rhG‑CSF) has been used to treat granulocytopenia and neutropenia after chemotherapy for cancer patients. However, recent studies have found that G‑CSF plays an important role in cancer progression. G‑CSF expression is increased in different types of cancer cells, such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, invasive bladder carcinoma, glioma and breast cancer. However, it is unclear whether treatment with G‑CSF has an adverse effect. The current review provides an overview of G‑CSF in malignant breast cancer development and the data presented in this review are expected to provide new ideas for cancer therapy.