Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

3.7K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.7K
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

135
Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
135
Clearance Models: Noncompartmental Models01:17

Clearance Models: Noncompartmental Models

202
Clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter traditionally defined by compartment models, signifying the rate at which a drug is expelled from the body. However, a noncompartmental model offers an alternative method for assessing clearance, primarily employing empirical data obtained after administering a single drug dose.
The noncompartmental approach capitalizes on extensive sampling data, correlating the volume of distribution to systemic exposure and the administered dosage. This method enables...
202
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

6.3K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
6.3K
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

43.7K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
43.7K
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

4.1K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of fast ions on turbulent transport in high-β HL-2A tokomak scenarios.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Alterations of short-chain fatty acids in depression and effects of probiotics/prebiotics interventions on levels and clinical symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC psychiatry·2026
Same author

The role of gender in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip treated with closed reduction and spica cast immobilization: does it affect prognosis?

Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B·2026
Same author

An alternative technique for organelle genome recovery in diatoms using culture-independent, minimal-cell whole genome amplification.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Construction of a depression risk prediction model for hepatitis B patients based on machine learning strategy.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the ABC transporter-related genes and metabolites involved in seed aging of Platostoma palustre (Blume) A. J. Paton.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same journal

Superorganismal Anisogamy: A Comparative Test of an Extended Theory.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same journal

The role of microbial resource mutualists in plant adaptation to abiotic environments.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same journal

Museum genomics links MC1R alleles to adaptive winter coat color polymorphism in the long-tailed weasel.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same journal

Repeated evolution of iridescence and hindwing tails is associated with morphometric flight proxies in skipper butterflies.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same journal

Temperature-dependent competition predicts contrasting outcomes of adjacent secondary contact zones in darters (Percidae:Etheostoma).

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same journal

Sex allocation of hermaphrodites in metapopulations with frequent population extinction and recolonization.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Remote Rehabilitation with Virtual Reality and Electromyography
04:06

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Remote Rehabilitation with Virtual Reality and Electromyography

Published on: January 12, 2024

959

Stasis of functionally versatile specialists.

Miriam L Zelditch1, Jingchun Li2, Donald L Swiderski3

  • 1Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Morphological specialists that are ecological generalists show evolutionary stasis in jaw shape, not size. Functional constraints stabilize their adaptive optima, allowing persistence despite environmental changes.

Keywords:
Complex morphologiesSciuridaedisparitystasis

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies
05:28

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies

Published on: October 11, 2024

1.0K
Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

22.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Remote Rehabilitation with Virtual Reality and Electromyography
04:06

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Remote Rehabilitation with Virtual Reality and Electromyography

Published on: January 12, 2024

959
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies
05:28

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies

Published on: October 11, 2024

1.0K
Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

22.9K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Paleontology
  • Morphological evolution

Background:

  • Long-term stasis is often attributed to broadly adapted generalists.
  • However, generalists may lack stabilizing constraints, leading to phenotypic drift.
  • An alternative hypothesis suggests morphological specialists acting as ecological generalists might experience stasis due to stabilizing functional constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of trophic morphology in tree squirrels (subfamily Callosciurinae and tribe Sciurini).
  • To determine if these ecologically versatile specialists exhibit evolutionary stasis in mandible size and shape.
  • To test the hypothesis that morphological specialization can stabilize adaptive optima without limiting niche breadth.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of morphological disparity and evolutionary dynamics of mandible size and shape in tree squirrels.
  • Comparative analysis of trophic morphology across different dietary specialists and generalists within the studied lineages.
  • Phylogenetic comparative methods to infer evolutionary trends and identify periods of stasis.

Main Results:

  • A few dietary specialists accounted for a disproportionate amount of morphological disparity.
  • Excluding these specialists, compelling evidence for stasis in jaw shape was found, but not in jaw size.
  • The primary adaptive optima for mandible shape showed minimal divergence over approximately 30 million years.

Conclusions:

  • Morphological specialization in tree squirrels steepened their adaptive peak, stabilizing optima.
  • This stabilization occurred without limiting their ecological niche breadth, supporting the hypothesis for specialists acting as generalists.
  • Evolutionary stasis in trophic morphology is driven by functional constraints that stabilize adaptive optima, even in ecologically versatile species.