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Chimpanzee ranging responses to fruit availability in a high-elevation environment.

Samantha J Green1,2, Bryan J Boruff3, Protais Niyigaba4

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Chimpanzees in Rwanda

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Primate Ecology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Primates face seasonal food scarcity, especially in challenging montane environments.
  • Limited research exists on chimpanzee adaptations to low fruit availability in high-elevation forests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how fruit availability impacts daily travel and home range size in Nyungwe National Park chimpanzees.
  • Understand chimpanzee foraging strategies in montane habitats.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized focal follow data to track chimpanzee movements.
  • Collected phenology data to assess fruit availability.
  • Analyzed daily path length and monthly home range in relation to food resources.

Main Results:

  • Chimpanzees reduced daily travel distances during fruit scarcity.
  • Monthly home ranges shifted, indicating spatial adjustments in foraging.
  • High-elevation forests served as crucial refugia for specific food resources like Podocarpus latifolius.

Conclusions:

  • Montane environments, including high elevations, are vital for chimpanzee survival, offering concentrated food resources.
  • Chimpanzee adaptability in montane forests involves spatial shifts in home range use to exploit seasonal food availability.
  • Understanding altitudinal resource distribution is key to primate conservation in challenging landscapes.