Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
'Nipples to knees' in the 'Me Too' era
Annabelle Lee1, Louis Koizia2, Melanie Dani3
1West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, UK.
Abstract:
We live in an era of increased societal awareness of sexual harassment and frequent reporting by patients of inappropriate conduct. In this article, we reflect on traditional teaching of physical examination involving full exposure and intimate examinations, and whether this is still necessary, or appropriate, in clinical practice today. We discuss the balance between appropriate physical examination and inappropriate patient exposure resulting in perceived or actual harassment. We argue that ethical values and societal values change with time, and there is an onus on medical educators to reflect societal sensitivities in their teaching.
Related Concept Videos
The Mammary Glands
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
External Female Genitals
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital
National Nursing Organizations II
The AACN emphasizes a healthy work environment through six standards to achieve an optimal patient outcome. The standards are appropriate staffing, meaningful recognition, collaboration, authentic leadership, effective communication, and decision-making. In addition, AACN provides certification programs, webinars, journals, and...
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...

