Immune-related prognosis biomarkers associated with osteosarcoma microenvironment

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer with stagnant treatment outcomes.
• The tumor microenvironment's role in osteosarcoma is a potential therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify immune-related genes associated with osteosarcoma prognosis.
• To establish a gene signature for predicting osteosarcoma patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Utilized ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms to analyze immune and stromal components in osteosarcoma samples.
• Identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks.
• Validated the prognostic value of a gene signature in an independent cohort and performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).

Main Results:

• Identified 137 DEGs in osteosarcoma, primarily involved in neutrophil degranulation and immune response.
• Functional analysis revealed involvement in neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and bacterial infection pathways.
• Established a significant immune-related gene signature with prognostic value.

Conclusions:

• An immune-related gene signature was developed to predict osteosarcoma outcomes.
• These findings suggest potential targets for personalized osteosarcoma treatment strategies.