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Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
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When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
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Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Rapid Viscoelastic Characterization of Airway Mucus Using a Benchtop Rheometer
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Non-Destructive Evaluation Device for Monitoring Fluid Viscosity.

Ahmed Abdulkareem1, Ugur Erturun2, Karla Mossi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a low-cost, non-destructive device for real-time fluid viscosity monitoring. The device uses ultrasonic waves to detect viscosity changes, correlating phase shifts with fluid properties for accurate measurements.

Keywords:
non-destructive evaluationpiezoelectricityviscositywave propagation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Real-time fluid viscosity monitoring requires non-destructive, low-cost devices.
  • Existing methods may be expensive or invasive.
  • Adapting structural health monitoring (SHM) offers a novel approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an inexpensive, disposable device for real-time fluid viscosity monitoring.
  • To adapt SHM principles for fluid property assessment.
  • To investigate ultrasonic wave propagation for viscosity measurement.

Main Methods:

  • A novel device incorporating a piezoelectric sensor/actuator pair was designed and fabricated.
  • Experiments measured ultrasonic wave propagation in fluids (air, water, glycerin).
  • Numerical modeling (acoustic modal and harmonic response analysis) was used to simulate wave propagation.

Main Results:

  • A direct correlation was observed between signal phase shift and fluid viscosity.
  • The device successfully monitored viscosity changes in low-volume liquids.
  • Both experimental and numerical results showed phase shift increasing with viscosity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed device offers a viable, low-cost solution for non-destructive fluid viscosity monitoring.
  • The method demonstrates effectiveness in the ultrasonic frequency range (6-9 MHz).
  • This approach holds potential for various applications requiring real-time fluid analysis.