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Plasmodium stage-selective antimalarials from Lophira lanceolata stem bark.

Harouna Soré1, Annalisa Lopatriello2, Yehenew A Ebstie3

  • 1Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, 01 BP 2208, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquées (LABIOCA), Université Joseph Ki Zerbo de Ouagadougou, 03 BP: 7021, Burkina Faso.

Phytochemistry
|March 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study explored the antimalarial potential of Lophira lanceolata. Lanceolin B effectively inhibited Plasmodium parasite development in early sporogonic stages, revealing new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
BichalconeBioassay-guided separationDwarf red ironwoodGlucolophirone CLanceolin BLophira lanceolataMalariaOchnaceaeTransmission blocking

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacognosy
  • Parasitology
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Targeting transmissible stages of Plasmodium is key for malaria control.
  • Medicinal plants are a vital source for novel antimalarial drug discovery.
  • Lophira lanceolata, an African plant, has shown potential against malaria parasites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antimalarial activity of Lophira lanceolata against early sporogonic stages of Plasmodium.
  • To isolate and characterize compounds from the plant with activity against parasite transmission stages.
  • To identify stage-specific antimalarial agents from Lophira lanceolata.

Main Methods:

  • Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of Lophira lanceolata extracts.
  • Isolation and structural elucidation of compounds using NMR, HRMS, and ECD.
  • Computational calculations for stereostructure determination.
  • Evaluation of isolated compounds against Plasmodium early sporogonic stages.

Main Results:

  • Isolation of two known lanceolins and a new glycosylated bichalcone, glucolophirone C.
  • Glucolophirone C's stereostructure, including absolute configuration, was determined.
  • Lanceolin B demonstrated potent inhibition of Plasmodium early sporogonic stages.

Conclusions:

  • Lophira lanceolata produces stage-specific antimalarial agents targeting transmissible parasite stages.
  • Lanceolin B is a potent inhibitor of Plasmodium early sporogonic development.
  • The plant yields compounds effective in both human and mosquito hosts, crucial for malaria elimination strategies.