Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 25, 2025
05:28
Demonstration of Heterologous Complexes formed by Golgi-Resident Type III Membrane Proteins using Split Luciferase Complementation Assay
Published on: September 10, 2020
2.6K
Sodium-glucose cotransporters: Functional properties and pharmaceutical potential
Ryuhei Sano1, Yuichi Shinozaki1, Takeshi Ohta2
1Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Takatsuki, Japan.
Journal of Diabetes Investigation
|March 21, 2020
Summary
Glucose transporters, including facilitative glucose transporters and sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs), are vital for cellular energy. SGLT1 and SGLT2 show significant therapeutic potential for various diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glucose is a primary monosaccharide and essential energy source for cells.
- Cellular glucose uptake occurs via facilitative glucose transporters (gene: SLC2A) and sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs; gene: SLC5A).
- These transporters exhibit distinct substrate specificities, tissue distribution, and regulatory pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental properties of glucose transporters and SGLTs.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of SGLT1 and SGLT2 as drug targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of basal and functional properties of glucose transporters.
- Analysis of recent research on SGLT1 and SGLT2 in disease contexts.
- Evaluation of pharmaceutical applications of SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitors.
Main Results:
- Facilitative glucose transporters and SGLTs differ in their mechanisms and roles in glucose homeostasis.
- SGLT1 and SGLT2 are implicated in various physiological and pathological processes.
- Targeting SGLT1 and SGLT2 offers promising therapeutic strategies for diseases such as diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Understanding glucose transporter function is crucial for metabolic research.
- SGLT1 and SGLT2 represent key targets for novel pharmacological interventions.
- Further research into SGLT1 and SGLT2 could lead to new treatments for a range of conditions.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:27Glucose Transporters
27.0K
Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
27.0K
01:55Secondary Active Transport
136.2K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
136.2K
01:32Secondary Active Transport
9.1K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme "pump" embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
9.1K
01:26Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine
34.4K
Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
34.4K
01:30Membrane Proteins
29.1K
Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
29.1K
01:31Membrane Transporters
17.5K
Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
17.5K