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Development of General Exposure Factors for Risk Assessment in Korean Children

Hyojung Yoon1,2, Sun-Kyoung Yoo1, Jungkwan Seo1

  • 1Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22733, Korea.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|March 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study establishes crucial exposure factors for Korean children, vital for assessing environmental health risks. These findings provide the first comprehensive data for this population, aiding in accurate risk evaluations.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Risk Assessment
  • Exposure Science

Background:

  • Children exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental hazards compared to adults.
  • Accurate risk assessment necessitates specific exposure factors tailored to pediatric populations.
  • Existing data lacks comprehensive exposure factors for Korean children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine general exposure factors for Korean children aged 18 years and younger.
  • To establish a foundation for appropriate risk assessment of environmental hazards in this demographic.
  • To provide the first set of general exposure factors specifically for Korean children.

Main Methods:

  • Development of recommended exposure factors across five categories: physiological variables, inhalation rates, food/drinking water intake, time-activity patterns, and soil/dust ingestion.
  • Utilization of national databases, direct measurements, and questionnaire surveys.
  • Calculation of inhalation rates, water intake, and soil ingestion rates from representative samples.

Main Results:

  • Daily inhalation rates varied from 9.49 m³/day (ages 0-2) to 14.98 m³/day (ages 16-18).
  • Korean children spend an average of 22.64 hours indoors, 0.63 hours outdoors, and 0.73 hours in transit on weekdays.
  • Established comprehensive exposure factors for Korean children for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • The generated exposure factors are essential for evaluating children's environmental exposure and associated risks.
  • These findings represent a novel contribution to the field, offering the first specific data for Korean children.
  • The results highlight potential differences when compared to international exposure factor data.

Keywords:
childrenenvironmental hazardsexposure factorsrisk assessment

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