Comparative Electroanalytical Studies of Graphite Flake and Multilayer Graphene Paste Electrodes

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Development of novel paste electrodes for enhanced electroanalytical applications.
• Comparison of carbon-based materials like graphite flake and multilayer graphene for sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To fabricate and characterize graphite flake paste electrodes (GFPE) and multilayer graphene paste electrodes (MLGPE).
• To evaluate and compare the electrochemical and electroanalytical performance of GFPE and MLGPE.
• To develop a method for acetaminophen determination using these novel electrodes.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of GFPE and MLGPE.
• Surface characterization using Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
• Electrochemical analysis via square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) for acetaminophen (AC) and redox systems.

Main Results:

• GFPE exhibits a larger electroactive surface area and superior conductive properties.
• MLGPE demonstrates enhanced analytical characteristics for acetaminophen determination.
• Optimized SWV and square wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV) methods with accumulation allowed for lower detection limits and extended linear ranges for AC.

Conclusions:

• Multilayer graphene paste electrodes offer improved analytical performance for acetaminophen detection compared to graphite flake paste electrodes.
• The developed voltammetric methods are effective for determining acetaminophen in pharmaceutical formulations with high recovery.
• Paste electrodes fabricated from carbon nanomaterials show promise for sensitive and selective electroanalysis.