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Microbiological indications for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections
A Fabbri1, A Tacchella, M L Belli
12nd Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University of Genova, Italy.
Abstract:
The Authors report microbiological data on the inhibitory activity of cephalothin, cefamandole, FCE 22101, gentamicin, netilmicin, amikacin, rifampicin, clindamycin, josamycin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and teicoplanin against 165 clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains. 34 of the study strains, i.e. 20.6%, were methicillin- and oxacillin-resistant. The activity of the tested drugs was good; the presence of nosocomial strains resistant to rifampicin (12.13%), clindamycin (13.94%), josamycin (18.2%), ofloxacin (4.85%), ciprofloxacin (12.7%), gentamicin (27.3%), amikacin (9.7%), netilmicin (7.9%) was noted. The Authors emphasize the good inhibitory activity of tested beta-lactam drugs against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococci, but also the limits of these drugs against methicillin-resistant strains. The activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin on all study strains was very good.
Insights
This study evaluated antibiotic effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin and teicoplanin showed excellent activity, while beta-lactam drugs were less effective against resistant strains.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen causing various infections.
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a growing public health threat due to antibiotic resistance.
- Understanding antibiotic susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the in vitro inhibitory activity of a panel of antibiotics against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.
- To compare the efficacy of different antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and glycopeptides.
- To identify resistance prevalence among clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Main Methods:
- Microbiological testing of 165 clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
- Evaluation of inhibitory activity for cephalothin, cefamandole, FCE 22101, gentamicin, netilmicin, amikacin, rifampicin, clindamycin, josamycin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin.
- Determination of resistance rates for specific antibiotics, including methicillin and oxacillin resistance.
Main Results:
- 34 out of 165 strains (20.6%) were resistant to methicillin and oxacillin.
- Significant resistance was observed to rifampicin (12.13%), clindamycin (13.94%), josamycin (18.2%), ofloxacin (4.85%), ciprofloxacin (12.7%), gentamicin (27.3%), amikacin (9.7%), and netilmicin (7.9%).
- Vancomycin and teicoplanin demonstrated excellent inhibitory activity against all tested strains.
Conclusions:
- Beta-lactam antibiotics show good activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus but have limitations against methicillin-resistant strains.
- Vancomycin and teicoplanin are highly effective against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
- The study highlights the importance of monitoring antibiotic resistance patterns for Staphylococcus aureus infections.