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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

359
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
359
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

347
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
347
Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

325
In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
325
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

394
When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
394
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

395
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
395
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

420
When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
420

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Non-Conventional Deformations: Materials and Actuation.

Bruno Vermes1,2, Tibor Czigany1,2

  • 1Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review categorizes shape-changing materials and structures based on actuation methods like electricity, heat, and mechanical force. It highlights diverse methods and real-world applications, emphasizing industrial value.

Keywords:
compositescouplingmorphingshape adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Engineering Mechanics

Background:

  • Non-conventional deformations in materials are driven by various stimuli.
  • Diverse actuation methods lead to varied deformation modes, necessitating systematic classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and systematize materials and structures exhibiting non-conventional deformations.
  • To categorize methods based on actuation type and discuss their significance.
  • To highlight real-world applicability and industrial value of shape-changing materials.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and tabulation of methods based on actuation nature.
  • Individual discussion of electrically and mechanically actuated systems.
  • Consolidated review of systems actuated by heat, pressure, light, and chemicals.

Main Results:

  • Diverse approaches exist for shape-changing materials.
  • Electrical and mechanical actuation methods are significant.
  • Heat, pressure, light, and chemical actuation present distinct research trends.

Conclusions:

  • Shape-changing materials offer diverse functionalities across multiple actuation types.
  • Understanding these methods is crucial for developing advanced applications.
  • Significant industrial potential exists for these smart materials.