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Placenta accreta spectrum: biomarker discovery using plasma proteomics.

Scott A Shainker1, Robert M Silver2, Anna M Modest1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|March 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a unique plasma protein signature in women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). This discovery could lead to improved antenatal diagnosis of PAS, aiding early detection and management.

Keywords:
antithrombin IIIdiagnosisplacenta accreta spectrumplacentationplasma proteinsoluble Tie2soluble VEGF receptor 2

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Proteomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is often undiagnosed before birth.
  • Improved antenatal diagnosis is crucial for managing PAS.
  • Plasma protein biomarkers offer a potential avenue for enhanced diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate distinct plasma protein profiles in women diagnosed with PAS.
  • To compare protein expression between PAS cases and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples collected pre-delivery from 16 PAS patients and 10 controls.
  • Aptamer-based proteomics platform analyzed 1305 unique proteins.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed key protein differences.

Main Results:

  • A distinct protein signature was observed in PAS cases.
  • Top dysregulated proteins included inflammatory cytokines and matrix remodeling factors.
  • Four proteins (antithrombin III, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, soluble Tie2, soluble VEGFR2) were significantly altered in PAS.

Conclusions:

  • Women with PAS exhibit a unique plasma proteomic profile.
  • These protein alterations could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for PAS.
  • Further research can validate these findings for clinical application.