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The Effects of Androgens on Cardiometabolic Syndrome: Current Therapeutic Concepts
Omer Faruk Kirlangic1, Didem Yilmaz-Oral2, Ecem Kaya-Sezginer3
1University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
Introduction:
Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), as a bunch of metabolic disorders mainly characterized by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, atherosclerosis, central adiposity, and abdominal obesity triggering androgen deficiency, is one of the most critical threats to men. Although many significant preclinical and clinical findings explain CMS, new approaches toward common pathophysiological mechanisms and reasonable therapeutic targets are lacking.
Aim:
To gain a further understanding of the role of androgen levels in various facets of CMS such as the constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors including central adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and arterial hypertension and to define future directions for development of effective therapeutic modalities.
Methods:
Clinical and experimental data were searched through scientific literature databases (PubMed) from 2009 to October 2019.
Main Outcome Measure:
Evidence from basic and clinical research was gathered with regard to the causal impact and therapeutic roles of androgens on CMS.
Results:
There are important mechanisms implicated in androgen levels and the risk of CMS. Low testosterone levels have many signs and symptoms on cardiometabolic and glycometabolic risks as well as abdominal obesity in men.
Clinical Implications:
The implications of the findings can shed light on future improvements in androgen levels and add potentially predictive risk for CMS, as well as T2DM, abdominal obesity to guide clinical management in the early stage.
Strengths & Limitations:
This comprehensive review refers to the association between androgens and cardiovascular health. A limitation of this study is the lack of large, prospective population-based studies that analyze the effects of testosterone treatment on CMS or mortality.
Conclusion:
Low testosterone levels have several common features with metabolic syndrome. Thus, testosterone may have preventive role in the progress of metabolic syndrome and subsequent T2DM, abdominal obesity, and cardiovascular disease and likely affect aging men's health mainly through endocrine and vascular mechanisms. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the therapeutic interventions directed at preventing CMS in men. Kirlangic OF, Yilmaz-Oral D, Kaya-Sezginer E, et al. The Effects of Androgens on Cardiometabolic Syndrome: Current Therapeutic Concepts. Sex Med 2020;8:132-155.
Insights
Low testosterone levels are linked to cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) in men, increasing risks for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Androgen therapy may offer a preventive strategy for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a critical health threat to men, characterized by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and obesity.
- Existing research on CMS pathophysiology and therapeutic targets remains insufficient, necessitating further investigation into common mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the role of androgen levels in various cardiometabolic risk factors, including central adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, T2DM, and hypertension.
- To identify future therapeutic strategies for managing CMS.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search of clinical and experimental data was conducted using PubMed from 2009 to October 2019.
- Evidence regarding the causal impact and therapeutic roles of androgens in CMS was systematically gathered.
Main Results:
- Low testosterone levels are significantly associated with increased cardiometabolic and glycometabolic risks, as well as abdominal obesity in men.
- Mechanisms linking androgen levels to CMS risk are complex and multifactorial.
Conclusions:
- Low testosterone shares common features with metabolic syndrome, suggesting a potential preventive role for testosterone in CMS, T2DM, and cardiovascular disease.
- Further research is required to evaluate therapeutic interventions targeting androgen levels for CMS prevention in men.
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