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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
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Interkingdom interactions on the denture surface: Implications for oral hygiene.

Christopher Delaney1, Lindsay E O'Donnell1, Ryan Kean1,2

  • 1Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK.

Biofilm
|March 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Candida species interact with oral bacteria in dentures, influencing disease, and are resilient to cleaning. Oral hygiene did not affect this Candida-bacterial relationship in denture wearers.

Keywords:
CandidaDentureMicrobiomeOral hygiene

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Medical mycology
  • Dental research

Background:

  • Limited evidence exists for Candida species' role in oral diseases.
  • Candida is an opportunistic yeast, often a commensal, implicated in denture-related issues.
  • The precise role of Candida in denture biofilms and its interaction with bacteria requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Candida species in the oral microbiome of denture wearers.
  • To explore how oral hygiene practices affect the denture's microbial and fungal composition.
  • To understand interkingdom interactions between Candida and bacteria in the oral cavity.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using a 9-species interkingdom denture biofilm model to assess cleansing efficacy.
  • Collection of oral hygiene data (OHIP, cleansing frequency, demographics) from 131 patients.
  • Analysis of bacterial microbiome and quantitative PCR for fungal (ITS) and bacterial (16S) bioburden from dentures, mucosa, and teeth.

Main Results:

  • Candida albicans in vitro was resistant to denture cleansing, unlike bacterial biofilms which repopulated but were treatable.
  • Patient oral hygiene practices did not significantly alter Candida or bacterial composition or diversity.
  • Candida load showed a suggestive gradient impacting bacterial composition, indicating interkingdom interactions, with significant correlations found between Candida and genera like Lactobacillus, Scardovia, and Fusobacterium.

Conclusions:

  • The denture microbiome/mycobiome demonstrates resilience against common oral hygiene interventions.
  • Candida species exhibit potential interactions with key oral bacterial genera, influencing community structure.
  • These interactions may contribute to a shift from oral health towards disease states.